1. It is advisable to request permission as soon as a request is received from a customer.
   (Faculty should request permission either themselves or through the bookstore once they determine what they want to use.)
2. The first step is to determine copyright ownership. Check the copyright page at the front of the work or the acknowledgment page, particularly, if copying work from an anthology. There are also many resources from which to obtain copyright holder mailing addresses or fax numbers. Some of the available resources are:
   • The NACS Book Buyers' Manual  (Full Store Members Only)
   • R. R. Bowker's "Books in Print" and "Books Out of Print"
   • R. R. Bowker's "Publishers, Distributors and Wholesalers of the United States"
   • "Ulrich International Periodicals Directory"
   • "Literary Market Place"
   • The campus library
   • Publist.com, The Internet Directory of Publications
3. Securing permissions protects the store, faculty and the institution legally. College stores can seek permissions through:
   1. An outsourcing company that clears copyright
   2. Directly through the publisher—It may be easier to go directly through the publisher when:
      • An unusually large portion of material is being requested.
      • There are numerous requests from the same publisher and they accept permission requests for course packets.
      • When the store is unable to utilize an outsourcing company that clears copyright.
4. Permission requests should be submitted directly to the publisher's copyrights and permissions department (not the author) on a standard permissions form (PDF). If another publisher holds copyright, you will be advised and referred to the correct copyright holder.
5. If a permission form is not used, be sure to provide all of the following information (a permissions form should include this information too):
   1. Title of the source book/journal
   2. Chapter/article name and/or number
   3. Publisher's name
   4. Date of publication or copyright
   5. Volume number (if in a journal)
   6. Number of pages to be copied
   7. Page numbers
   8. Number of copies to be made
   9. Faculty member's name
   10. Course name and number
   11. School term
   12. Your address, fax and contact person
6. When requesting permission to place copyrighted materials into a digital format for use on the Internet, be sure to give details on how the information will be used and protected (i.e., placed on a secure, password-protected area, etc.)
7. Permissions request response time is 4-6 weeks in the U.S. and 8-10 weeks abroad.
8. Publisher's terms of payment may vary, including:
   1. Per page copy (PPC), in which charges are made according to how many pages are copied by the number of sets made.
   2. Per page (PP), which are based on the number of original pages used.
   3. Per copy (PC), which are based on the number of sets of materials made.
   4. Flat rate, in which one set fee is determined, regardless of the number of pages or copies.
9. When working directly with publishers, keep an eye on fees from semester to semester and cancellations.
10. Pay the publisher by:
    1. Sending any contract copies required (signed).
    2. Adjusting the invoice for the number of copies sold on all flat rate publishers.
    3. Including a reference number, if required.
    4. Sending original request with payment to ensure proper credit.

Module Three: Summary